實(shí)用文檔>英語中的時(shí)態(tài)概述總結(jié)

英語中的時(shí)態(tài)概述總結(jié)

時(shí)間:2024-10-24 00:17:33

英語中的時(shí)態(tài)概述總結(jié)

  總結(jié)是在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活等表現(xiàn)加以總結(jié)和概括的一種書面材料,它可以使我們更有效率,不妨坐下來好好寫寫總結(jié)吧。我們?cè)撛趺磳懣偨Y(jié)呢?以下是小編為大家整理的英語中的時(shí)態(tài)概述總結(jié),供大家參考借鑒,希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。

英語中的時(shí)態(tài)概述總結(jié)

  英語中的時(shí)態(tài)概述總結(jié)

  英語共有十六個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)、四個(gè)體。(注:四個(gè)體為:一般、進(jìn)行、完成、完成進(jìn)行。) 英語中的四個(gè)體相當(dāng)于法語、西班牙語以及所有印歐語系羅曼語族中 的式,如:直陳式,命令式等。

  時(shí)態(tài)詳解

  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

  基本形式(以do為例): 第三人稱單數(shù):does(主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)); 肯定句:主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他; He works for us. 否定句:主語+don‘ts/doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形+其他; He doesnt work for us. 一般疑問句:Do/Does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他; 肯定回答:Yes,(+ 主語+do/does); 否定回答:No,(+主語+dont/doesnt.); 特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句語; Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt What does he do for us? He works for us.

  一般過去時(shí)

  be動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞的過去式 否定句式:在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn’t,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞,或was/were+not; was或were放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did提問,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞; 例如: Did he work for us? He didnt work for us. He worked for us.

  一般將來時(shí)

  am/are/is+going to+do 或 will/shall+do am/is/are/about to + do am/is/are to + do; 一般將來時(shí)的表達(dá)方法 be going to +動(dòng)詞原形 be +不定式,be to+動(dòng)詞原形,be about to +動(dòng)詞原形 be able to +不定式 be about to+動(dòng)詞原形 will + 動(dòng)詞原形; 例如:He is going to work for us. He will work for us; He is coming.這是特殊的用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 表達(dá) 將來時(shí)態(tài) 的例子!!

  過去將來時(shí)

  be(was,were)going to+動(dòng)詞原形 be(was,were)about to+動(dòng)詞原形 be(was,were)to+動(dòng)詞原形 肯定句:主語+be(was,were)going to+動(dòng)詞原形~. 否定句:主語+be(was,were)not going to+動(dòng)詞原形~.

  疑問句:Be(Was,Were)+主語+going to+動(dòng)詞原形~? 肯定句:主語+would(should)+動(dòng)詞原形~. 否定句:主語+would(should)not+動(dòng)詞原形~. 疑問句:Would(Should)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形~? He would work for us.

  現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

  主語+be+v.ing〔現(xiàn)在分詞〕形式(其中v表示動(dòng)詞) 表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或最近在做的事。 例如:I am buying a book.

  第一人稱+am+doing+sth

  第二人稱+are+doing +sth (doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式)

  第三人稱+is+doing+sth 例:He is working.

  過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

  肯定句:主語+was/were+doing+其它 否定句:主語+was/were+not+doing+其它 一般疑問句及答語:Was/Were+主語+doing+其它 ;答語:Yes,I主語+was/were./No,I主語+wasnt/werent. 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+doing+其它 He was working when he was alive.

  將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

  主語+will + be +現(xiàn)在分詞 He will be working for us.=He will work for us.

  過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

  should(would)+be+現(xiàn)在分詞 He said that he would be working for us.=He said that he would work for us.

  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

  基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have/has+過去分詞(done)

  ①肯定句:主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他

  ②否定句:主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他

  ③一般疑問句:Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他 肯定回答:Yes+主語+have/has 否定回答:No+主語+have/has

  ④特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句(have/has+主語+過去分詞+其他 He has worked for us for ten years. Has he worked for us for ten years?

  英語中一般過去時(shí)的用法

  過去完成時(shí)

  基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+had+過去分詞(done)

  ①肯定句:主語+had+過去分詞+其他

  ②否定句:主語+had+not+過去分詞+其他

  ③一般疑問句:Had+主語+過去分詞+其他 肯定回答:Yes,主語+had 否定回答:No,主語+hadnt

  ④特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句(had+主語+過去分詞+其他)

  語法判定: ( 1 ) by + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如: I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.

  ( 2 ) by the end of + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如: We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

  ( 3 ) before + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

  將來完成時(shí)

  (shall)will+have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞 before+將來時(shí)間或by+將來時(shí)間 before或by the time引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句 He will have worked for us.=He will work for us.

  過去將來完成時(shí)

  should / would have done sth. He said that he would have worked for us.=He said that he would work for us.

  現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

  基本與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相同,但是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)只能表示仍然持續(xù)的概念 have/has been +-ing 分詞 He has been working for us for ten years.=He has worked for us for ten years.

  過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

  had been +-ing 分詞 He said that he had been working for us for ten years.=He said that he had worked for us for ten years.

  將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

  主語+ shall/will have been doing He will have been working for us.=He will work for us. 翻譯為:他最近一直在為我們工作(過去在工作,現(xiàn)在在工作,將來還會(huì)工作)

  過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

  should+have been+現(xiàn)在分詞用于第一人稱 would have been+現(xiàn)在分詞用于其他人稱 He said that he would have been working for us.=He said that he would work for us.

  舉例: 英語中有12個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài),都來自于三時(shí)(過去、現(xiàn)在、將來)

  時(shí)態(tài)范例

  現(xiàn)在以I listen為例,舉例英語中有12個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài)如下所示:

  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):I listen

  現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):I am listening

  過去進(jìn)行時(shí):I was listening

  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):I have listened

  現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí):I have been listening

  一般將來時(shí):I shall listen或I will listen. 或I am going to listen

  將來進(jìn)行時(shí):I shall be listening

  一般過去時(shí):I listened

  過去完成時(shí):I had listened

  過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí):I had been listening

  將來完成時(shí): I shall have listened

  將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí): I shall have been listening

  英語中的時(shí)態(tài)概述總結(jié) 篇1

  1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

  用法:

  A) 表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。

  B) 習(xí)慣用語。

  C) 經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。

  例:He always helps others. (他總是幫助別人。)

  D) 客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),則無法保持 主句、從句時(shí)態(tài)一致。

  E) 表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,(僅限于某些表示“來、去、動(dòng) 、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動(dòng)詞 )可以與表示未來時(shí)間的狀語搭配使用 。常見的用法是:飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。

  例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.

  (下一趟火車今天下午3點(diǎn)開車。)

  How often does this shuttle bus run? (這班車多久一趟?)

  F) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在(有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))表示將來事 情。

  例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成這份報(bào)告的時(shí)候,我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個(gè)小時(shí)了。)

  2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(be doing)

  用法:現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

  3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have done)

  用法:

  A) 表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。

  例:I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.

  A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell

  答案是C) haven't sold。

  B) 表示從過去某時(shí)刻開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況,并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。時(shí)間狀語常用since加一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn),或for 加一段時(shí)間,或by加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。

  例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.

  A) are to challenge C) have been challenged

  B) may be challenged D) are challenging

  全句的意思是:“雖然牛頓是個(gè)偉大的人物,但他的許多見解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn),并且被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物動(dòng)詞,在本句中應(yīng)當(dāng)是被動(dòng)語態(tài);其動(dòng)作延續(xù)到今天,所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。可見答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主動(dòng)語態(tài),不可能是答案。B) may be challenged雖然是被動(dòng)語態(tài),但意思與全句內(nèi)容不合,所以不對(duì)。

  C) 表示發(fā)生在過去,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作或情況。通常用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞,如:arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。

  例:John has broken his left leg.(約翰摔斷了左腿。)

  注意事項(xiàng)

  A) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是聯(lián)系過去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過去時(shí)的區(qū)別在于:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)態(tài),或受動(dòng)態(tài)的影響,是動(dòng)態(tài)的結(jié)果,對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響;過去時(shí)只表示過去的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。

  例:He worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個(gè)過去的事實(shí),他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。)

  He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過去開始工作,一直工作到現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。)

  B) 因?yàn)楹衒or加一段時(shí)間或since加一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)這樣的時(shí)間狀語的完成時(shí),有動(dòng)態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點(diǎn),所以不能使用終端動(dòng)詞或瞬間動(dòng)詞。

  例:My sister has been married for 5 years.(過去分詞做表語表示狀態(tài),可以延續(xù))

  My sister has married. Don't disturb her.(終端動(dòng)詞)

  C) 在"this is the first/ second/ third…… time that……"句型里要求用完成時(shí)。

  例:This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.(這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國際展覽會(huì)。)

  D) 句型"It is/ has been……since"所使用的兩種時(shí)態(tài)都正確。

  例:It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.(從我上次見到他以來已經(jīng)10年了。)

  E) 在"no sooner than"、"hardly/ scarcely ……when"、"before"、"prior to"等句型中,主句要求完成時(shí)。

  例:I haven't met that professor prior to today.(以前我從未見過那位教授。)

  4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(have been doing)

  用法:表示某一動(dòng)作開始于過去某一時(shí)間,延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今,或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來。

  例:We have been working on this project for over a month now.(到目前為止,我們一直在處理那個(gè)項(xiàng)目,已經(jīng)花了一個(gè)多月時(shí)間了。)

  注意事項(xiàng):與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào):在從過去到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間里,動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。

  例:1997年6月四級(jí)第45 題

  It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.

  A) had leaked B) is leaking

  C) leaked D) has been leaking

  從本題上下文看,這兩個(gè)句子的意思是:“看來,這個(gè)管道漏油已有一段時(shí)間了,我們將不得不拆卸機(jī)器排除故障。”第二句表示將要采取的措施。第一句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在第二句之前,并且延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止仍在繼續(xù)。因此,空格中需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。D) has been leaking是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),因此是本題的答案。有11%的考生誤選了B) is leaking。由于本句有時(shí)間狀語for some time,表示謂語動(dòng)作延續(xù),謂語不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),必須用和完成時(shí)有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。有些考生誤選了C) leaked或A) had leaked。是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有注意到本題第二句是一般將來時(shí),所以第一句的謂語不能用過去時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)。

  5. 一般過去時(shí)

  用法:

  A) 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。

  B) 表示過去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。特別是由would/ used to do表達(dá)的句型,本身表示的 就是過去時(shí)。

  例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人過去常常坐在寧靜的公園里的一條長椅上,看著其他的人,一坐就是數(shù)個(gè)小時(shí),什么也不干,也不和任何人交談。)

  He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。)

  C) 有時(shí)可代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表達(dá)一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。

  例:I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借車用一用,可以嗎?)

  Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在這里嗎?)

  注意事項(xiàng):

  A) 注意時(shí)間狀語的搭配。一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語應(yīng)該是表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間的詞或詞組,如:yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等,絕對(duì)不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用,因?yàn)檫@樣的時(shí)間狀語都與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

  B) used to do的否定形式和疑問形式很特別:你怎么寫都正確。以否定形式為例:used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都對(duì)。

  Used to do經(jīng)常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。前者表示"過去常常或過去曾經(jīng)",要求加動(dòng)詞原形;后者表示"習(xí)慣于",要求加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

  6. 過去完成時(shí)(had done)

  用法:表示在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。就是我們常說的:表示"過去的過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)"。

  Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.

  A) didn't hear C) hasn't heard B) hasn't been hearing D) hadn't heard

  全句的意思是:“到那時(shí)為止,他家里已經(jīng)有六個(gè)月沒得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出,謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到過去的某一時(shí)刻才完成,因此謂語要用過去完成時(shí)。答案是D)。其它選項(xiàng)中:A) didn't hear,因?yàn)橐话氵^去時(shí)只表示過去發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài),所以不能與時(shí)間狀語for six months連用。B) hasn't been hearing,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)刻繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,與題意不符。C) hasn't heard,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)刻到現(xiàn)在為止發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。而題中的then只表示過去的某一時(shí)刻,不能表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。

  注意事項(xiàng):“過去的過去”這種邏輯關(guān)系常通過上下文體現(xiàn)出來,而不一定受某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語的限制。

  例:There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.(剛才有人在我們的房間里,因?yàn)槲覀兇蜷_前門進(jìn)來時(shí),我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃燒的香煙。)

  分析:雖然時(shí)間狀語是just now,似乎應(yīng)該使用一般過去時(shí),但是“在房間里”這個(gè)狀態(tài)是在"開門"和"注意"這兩個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作之前就存在的,所以應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)。

  7. 過去將來時(shí)(would/ should do)

  用法:表示從過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事。

  例:I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.(我星期四說我將于第二天拜訪我的朋友。)

  注意事項(xiàng):由于過去將來時(shí)是由過去時(shí)和將來時(shí)組合而成的,所以其注意事項(xiàng)可以參考過去時(shí)和將來時(shí)的相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。

  8. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(was/ were doing)

  用法:

  A) 表示在過去一個(gè)比較具體的時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

  例:Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.(10分鐘前,瑪麗正在聽輕音樂。)

  B) 如果when, while這樣的時(shí)間狀語引導(dǎo)詞所引導(dǎo)的主從句之一是一般過去時(shí),則另一個(gè)句子常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

  例:I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.(你敲前門時(shí)我正在洗頭發(fā)。)

  注意事項(xiàng):其它與將來時(shí)有關(guān)的事項(xiàng)請(qǐng)參見下面所講的一般將來時(shí)。

  9. 一般將來時(shí)

  用法:

  A) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will / shall do。

  例:We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.(我們將送給她一個(gè)玻璃的手工制品,作為給她的生日禮物。)

  B) 有些動(dòng)詞,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般進(jìn)行時(shí),并且通常與一個(gè)表示將來時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用,可以表示將來時(shí)。

  例:My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.(我媽媽下周將來看我,并會(huì)呆到5月。)

  C) 表示“打算去……,要……”時(shí),可用be going to do。

  例:This is just what I am going to say.(這正是我想說的。)

  D) 表示“即將、正要”時(shí),可用be about to do。強(qiáng)調(diào)近期內(nèi)或馬上要做的事。

  例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.(別擔(dān)心,我馬上就給你做一次仔細(xì)的檢查。)

  E) "be to do"的'5種用法:

  a) 表示“按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。

  例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.(星期一你準(zhǔn)會(huì)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室見到她。)

  b) 該做或不該做的事情(語氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語氣。

  例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.(孩子們,你們必須 上床睡覺,不準(zhǔn)吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內(nèi)就要到了。)

  c) 能或不能發(fā)生的事情(接近c(diǎn)an, may)

  例:How am I to pay such a debt?(我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢?)

  d) 不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情,后來將要發(fā)生的事情。

  例:I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience.

  A. will be attended

  B. will be attended to

  C. is attended

  D. is attended to

  will be attended to關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)是:attend表示“處理,解決”時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞,必須與to連用。另外,從上下文看,事情顯然尚未解決,所以應(yīng)該用將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。答案是B。

  e) 用于條件從句“如果……想,設(shè)想”(接近if ……want to,或if ……should)

  例:Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.

  A) is to be

  B) can be

  C) will be

  D) has been

  答案是A) is to be。全句的意思是:“如果要避免食品短缺,就必須作出更大努力來增加農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量。”

  F) 同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。

  例:The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.(教練想要放棄這場(chǎng)比賽了,因?yàn)閷?duì)方已經(jīng)射進(jìn)了7個(gè)球。)

  例:1999年6月四級(jí)第65題

  I was _______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.

  A) in

  B) to

  C) at

  D) on

  答案是D)。on the point of doing 是固定詞組,意思是“正要、打算”。全句的意思是:“當(dāng)他的信到的時(shí)候我正要打電話給他。”

  注意事項(xiàng):

  在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless等連詞以及具有連詞作用的副詞(immediately, the moment, directly)等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。強(qiáng)調(diào)延續(xù)性或動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí),可用完成時(shí)。

  例:I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.(我希望到明年你回來的時(shí)候,他的身體已經(jīng)好多了。)

  10. 將來進(jìn)行時(shí)(will be doing)

  用法:強(qiáng)調(diào)在將來的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。

  例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.(別擔(dān)心,你不會(huì)認(rèn)不出她的。她到時(shí)會(huì)穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。)

  注意事項(xiàng):由于本時(shí)態(tài)是由將來時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí)融合在一起的,所以關(guān)于本時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng),可參考"一般將來時(shí)"和"現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)"的有關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。

  11. 將來完成時(shí)(will have done)

  用法:表示從將來的某一時(shí)間開始、延續(xù)到另一個(gè)將來時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),或是發(fā)生在某個(gè)將來時(shí)間,但對(duì)其后的另一個(gè)將來時(shí)間有影響的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。就好象把現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)平移到時(shí)間軸的將來時(shí)時(shí)段一樣。其用法從和過去及現(xiàn)在有關(guān),變成了和將來及將來的將來有關(guān)。

  例:1997年1月四級(jí)第22題

  The conference __________ a full week by the time it ends.

  A) must have lasted

  B) will have lasted

  C) would last

  D) has lasted

  本題考核謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。全句的意思是:“會(huì)議從開始到結(jié)束將持續(xù)整整一個(gè)星期。”句中by the time it ends表示動(dòng)作要延續(xù)到將來某一時(shí)刻,因此要用將來完成時(shí)。答案是B) will have lasted。如果選A),因?yàn)榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞must后面接動(dòng)詞不定式的完成時(shí)形式表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的一種肯定推測(cè),而本句的時(shí)間狀語是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended,所以犯了時(shí)態(tài)不呼應(yīng)的錯(cuò)誤。Would雖可以表示推測(cè)或可能性,但would last不能表示延續(xù)到將來某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作,所以C) would last錯(cuò)誤。因?yàn)镈) has lasted是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,不能表示延續(xù)到將來某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作,所以也不正確。

  注意事項(xiàng):由于本時(shí)態(tài)是由將來時(shí)和完成時(shí)融合在一起的,所以關(guān)于本時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng),可以參考“一般將來時(shí)”和“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”的有關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。

  12)將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí):shall have been doing ,will have been doing

  例:By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. (到下個(gè)月底為止,這項(xiàng)工程就已經(jīng)不停地進(jìn)行了3年了。)(被動(dòng)語態(tài))

  13)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí):had been doing

  例:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.(我回到家之前,我10歲大的兒子已經(jīng)把這個(gè)舊鐘表拆卸并重新組裝了好幾回了。)(此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“拆卸”和“組裝”這兩個(gè)過去的過去的動(dòng)作一直在反復(fù)進(jìn)行。)(被動(dòng)語態(tài))

  14) 過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí):should be doing , would be doing

  例:The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.(政府承諾說第二年7月將有一條新的高速公路正在修建。)(此句的時(shí)間狀語是具體的將來時(shí)間,所以最好用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。)(此句為被動(dòng)語態(tài))

  15) 過去將來完成時(shí):should have done , would have done

  例:I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.(我堅(jiān)信到那年年底為止,那個(gè)軟件的新版本將被開發(fā)出來。但是我錯(cuò)了。)(此句為被動(dòng)語態(tài))

  16) 過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí):should have been doing , would have been doing

  例:They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. (他們說到第二個(gè)月底為止,這項(xiàng)工程就已經(jīng)不停地進(jìn)行了3年了。)

【英語中的時(shí)態(tài)概述總結(jié)】相關(guān)文章:

小學(xué)英語時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)及習(xí)題02-13

16種英語時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)歸納09-10

英語十六種時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)歸納12-24

小學(xué)英語四種時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)07-09

年終工作總結(jié)概述范文(通用11篇)12-27

拼音中輕聲的總結(jié)03-30

探討教育心理學(xué)在英語教學(xué)中的實(shí)際應(yīng)用論文08-13

工作中存在的不足總結(jié)(精選10篇)02-25

關(guān)于英語話劇社團(tuán)總結(jié)02-24

用戶協(xié)議
久久综合国产中文字幕,久久免费视频国产版原创视频,欧美日韩亚洲国内综合网香蕉,久久久久久久久久国产精品免费
欧美日韩国产一区二区三区地区 | 日本免费三区激情视频在线看 | 亚洲欧美卡通动漫一区二区 | 青青久在线视频视频在线 | 亚洲资源网在线 | 亚州αv久久久噜噜噜噜 |