重點(diǎn)詞短語(yǔ):
(一) 形容人積極方面的詞 positive
1.honest honestly(adv) honesty(n) honestly/frankly speaking = to be honest
2.brave 3.loyal be loyal to sb/sth
4.wise/intelligent/bright/smart/gifted
5.enthusiastic enthusiasm(n) enthusiastically(adv)
6.energetic energy energetically
7.optimistic optimism optimistically
8.outgoing 9.responsible 10. cautious
11. generous generosity generously
12.powerful 13. skilful 14.active 15. diligent 16. patient
二. argue
1 argue with/against sb about/on/over sth 與某人辯論某事
2 argue for/against sth 說(shuō)理 為(支持…而辯論)
3.argue a matter out
㈢.match
1. n 火柴,比賽,相配
2. v. 比得過(guò),與..相配,匹敵過(guò),與…相一致
e.g. No one can match her in knowledge of classical music.
e.g. No matter how much money you have, it can’t match a health body.
3.match/suit/fit
match:大小,色調(diào).形狀,性質(zhì)等方面的搭配
suit:合乎需要,口味,性格,條件,地位,顏色,款式
fit: 尺寸,大小,形狀適合 be fit for 勝任某項(xiàng)工作,職位
㈣share
1.share sth with sb share happiness and sorrow/sadness
2.share sth (out) among/between sb
e.g. Share the sweets between you. He shared his money out among his children.
3.share in sth 分?jǐn)?共同承擔(dān)
4.n 股份,一份 e.g. I own 12 shares in the company.
5.shared interests 共同的愛好
㈤表喜歡,愛,感興趣
enjoy doing sth enjoy oneself enjoyable enjoyment
be fond of be interested in be keen on be into
adore sb/sth /doing sth
㈥either
1.either 否定句句尾 too肯定句句尾 also實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前 助動(dòng)詞之后
2．兩者中任一個(gè)
e.g. These two books are boring. I don’t want ______ of them
e.g. Which of these books may I borrow ? ----Oh,______
A. any Ｂ.none c. either D. every
any 表示三者或三者以上中任何一個(gè)
3. either of +n (pl) is/are
e.g. _____ either of boys ready?
“Which bus should I take go to the stadium?”
“Either of these buses ______ to the stadium.”
A.will go B. going C. go D goes
4.either A or B is/are
eg. Either you or the headmaster ____ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.
A. is handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out D. is to hand out
㈥ across/through/cross
1. across (prep) 通過(guò)某… 平面,表面 橫穿 on, over
2. through(prep) 空間穿過(guò),三維空間 through crowds/ forest/ window/pipe
3. cross(v)
eg. The sunlight came in ______ the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.
A. through B. across C. cross D. over
㈦develop
1. 發(fā)展,擴(kuò)展 develop a business 業(yè)務(wù) 發(fā)展成 develop into
2. 養(yǎng)成,培養(yǎng) e..g He has developed the habit of making notes while reading.
3. 沖洗 Can you develop this film for me ?
㈧feeling
1感覺,預(yù)感 可數(shù)n .a feeling of hunger/danger/joy
2.知覺,情緒 un lose feeling in one’s legs
3.感情多用復(fù)數(shù) hurt one’s feelings
重點(diǎn)句型
㈠ so
1.so +do (does/did/be/have/can/will)+主語(yǔ) 表示前句情況也適用與另一人,物 “也是這樣,如此
eg. She speaks English well. So does her husband
2. neither/nor +do +主語(yǔ),表示上述否定情況也適應(yīng)另一人
eg. John hasn’t been to Germany. Neither/Nor has his uncle.
* German Germans
eg. If we were ______, we would never flee________
A. Germans German B.Germen Germany
B. C.Germany German D.Germans Germany
3.So it is/was with sb= It is/was the same with sb用于上句既有肯定又有否定; 既有系動(dòng)詞又有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞
eg. She likes fish but doesn’t like meat, so it is with Mary.
eg. He is an honest worker and works hard. So it is with you.
4. so+主語(yǔ)+do(be/can/will/have) 不倒?fàn)?表示對(duì)上句提及的情況給予肯定,贊同,證實(shí)
eg. He is an optimistic guy. So he is.
5. 主語(yǔ)+do +so表示代替上文中的動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)(狀語(yǔ)) 以避免重復(fù)
The teacher asked me to fetch some chalk. I did so.
㈡so…that such…that 如此以致 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
1. ①adj/adv
so+ ②adj+a/an +n(單數(shù))
③many/few +n(復(fù)數(shù))
④little/much +un
eg. There was so much water in the river that we couildn’t swim across it.
eg. He had _______ little education that he can’t teach ________ little children.
A. so such B. such, so C.so so D. such so
2. ①a/an +adj+n(單數(shù))
such+ ②adj+n(復(fù)數(shù))
③adj+un
eg. It is _____ that I’d like to go on a picnic.
A. such lovely day B. such lovely a day
C. so lovely day D. such a lovely day
㈢ when while
1. is/are ,be doing…. when 正在做…..這時(shí).突然
eg. I’m doing homework when the power is cut off
2. be about to do sth …when 剛要干…同時(shí),突然
eg. I was about to leave when the phone rang.
3. had done…..when 剛做了….這時(shí)… 主句過(guò)去完成時(shí),從句過(guò)去時(shí)
eg. I had got seated when the concert began.
4.從屬連詞 當(dāng)…時(shí)侯 when 既與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,也可與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用
while只與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
4. 并列連詞 when 表 這時(shí)
while 轉(zhuǎn)折,對(duì)比,而
5. while 盡管
6. when 既然,考慮到 如果(since, considering that,if)
eg.We were swimming in the lake ______ suddenly the storm started.
A.when B.while C.until D. before
㈣ in order to so as to so that in order that
1. in order to +v 目的狀語(yǔ) 放句首,句中均可
2. so as to+v目的狀語(yǔ) 不放句首
3so that in order that 以便,使能夠
㈤ 疑問(wèn)詞+ to do 相當(dāng)于疑問(wèn)詞引起的從句,在句中做主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),同位語(yǔ)
what/who/when/which/where/whether/how
eg.I wonder who to invite. = who I shall invite
eg. He doesn’t know what to do next. = what I should do next
I’ve worked with children before, so I know what _____ in my new job.
A.expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects
㈤ought to/should/could/might + have done
本該做而事實(shí)上未做
*I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
--- You ___ her last week.
A.ought to tell B. would have told
C. must have told D. should have told
*must+have done 對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事的肯定性猜測(cè),一定,準(zhǔn)時(shí) ,否定形式 couldn’t have done
㈥as many as, as much as
1. as many as +數(shù)詞+復(fù)n 強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某處擁有物品的數(shù)量(所涉及的數(shù)量是可數(shù)的)
eg. He has mastered as many as 5000 English words.
2. as much as +數(shù)詞+n 指所涉及的數(shù)量不可數(shù)(金錢,時(shí)間,重量,水量,丈量等)或程度時(shí)
The rain is plentiful here, often as much as seventy inches yearly.(這里涉及的是rain )
3.as much/many as +從句
①盡可能多的,多達(dá)
eg. Take as much as you like.
eg. Eat as much as you can.
②像..一樣多,
eg. I have as much money as he ( has).
eg. She has as many books as her brother.
語(yǔ)法
㈠現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) have/has +been+doing, 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has done
1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí): 具有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的兩種特征 表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的繼續(xù)性)
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): ①表動(dòng)作剛剛完成,對(duì)目前狀況造成影響(常與just,yet,already 連用)
②從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況
㈡直接,間接引語(yǔ)
1. 陳述句
★口訣:去掉引號(hào)加that,人稱變化要靈活,時(shí)態(tài)向后退一步,狀語(yǔ)變化具體說(shuō)
★變化:
指示代詞 this→that these→those
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) now→then ago→before
today→that day tomorrow→the next/following day yesterday→the day before
here→there come→go
★ 客觀真理,名句,諺語(yǔ) 時(shí)態(tài)永不變
2. 疑問(wèn)句
①一般疑問(wèn)句中
★ 口訣:去掉引號(hào)say變 ask要加if/whether ,陳述語(yǔ)序不可忘,時(shí)態(tài)人稱和狀語(yǔ),小心變化別馬虎
②特殊疑問(wèn)句中
★ 口訣: 直接去引號(hào), say變 ask,陳述莫忘掉,小心助動(dòng)詞,丟它最重要
eg. “what can I do for you?”he asked me.
He asked me what he could do for me.
3.祈使句
★口訣: 去掉引號(hào)要加to tell/ask/order須記住; 引語(yǔ)若是否定式 not 加在to 前面 tell/order/ask sb not to do sth
eg. He said to him, “Go away!”
He asked him to go away.
eg. He said “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
He told the boys not to make so much noise.