初三英語(人教版)Unit 2重難點解析

發布時間:2016-2-7 編輯:互聯網 手機版

  1. [原文]Have you ever watched someone surf? (L. 6)surf是動詞,在這里怎么用原形?

  [精析] surf是省去to 的動詞不定式,在這里作感官動詞watch的賓語補足語。類似用法還有,感官動詞look at, see, listen to, hear, 使役動詞let, have,make等,后都可以接省去to的不定式作賓補。

  2. [原文] Now it is enjoyed by people all over the world. (L. 6) is enjoyed是什么謂語形式?all over是什么用法?

  [精析]is enjoyed是被動語態形式。當主語為動作的承受者時,謂語要用被動語態形式,即be + 過去分詞形式。這部分內容在今后還要學到。

  all over是“全部、渾身、在各地”的意思,可單獨使用,也可在其后接相應的詞語。例如:

  People all over the world love peace.全世界的人民都熱愛和平。

  He is wet all over.他全身都濕了。

  all over the world 也可以用all the world, the whole world 來表示,但一定要注意冠詞的位置。用all 時,冠詞放在all之后,用whole時,冠詞放在whole之前。

  3. [原文] Every year...attract large numbers of tourists to the islands. (L. 6) large numbers of與a large number of 有區別嗎?

  [精析]沒有。這兩個短語都表示“許多”的意思,可以互換。如:Large numbers of / A large number of people came to the meeting from all over the country. 許多來自全國各地的人參加了會議。但是a number of / numbers of 與the number of是有區別的。作主語時,前者后接復數名詞,謂語用復數形式;后者意思是“為……的總數”,后接復數名詞,但謂語要用單數。試比較:

  A number of students are playing in the playground.許多學生在操場上玩。

  The number of students in the playground is about one hundred.操場上的學生(數量)大約有一百人。

  4. [原文] For example, Jake Booth, a 21-year-old man, gave up his job in San Francisco a year ago. (L. 6) 21-year-old中的year怎么不加s?

  [精析] 21-year-old是由數詞 + 名詞 + 形容詞構成的復合形容詞,其中year不可以用復數形式,詞與詞之間用連字號。試比較:

  He is a 15-year-old boy.他是一個15歲的男孩。

  The boy is 15 years old.這個男孩15歲。

  另外,句中give up意思是“放棄”,作及物動詞,后可以接動名詞;也可以接代詞,用賓格放于up之前。也可用作不及物動詞。例如:

  You should give up smoking. I gave it up last year.你應該戒煙。我去年就戒掉了。

  She doesn't give up easily.她做任何事情都不會輕易放棄。

  5. [原文] Although I haven't got a very good job, surfing keeps me very fit.( L. 6) although與though用法相同嗎?

  [精析] 有共同之處,也有不同點。兩都可用來引導讓步狀語從句,表示漢語的“雖然……但是……”。但不能說although / though...but...。如:不能說:Although / Though he is very old, but he is still quite strong. 句中的but 應去掉。Although是較為正式的用語,引導的從句多位于主句前,though多用于非正式文體中,引導的從句位于主句前后都可。

  注意:though可用于倒裝句中,although不可。如:Young though he is , he has worked for a few years.他雖然年輕但已經工作好幾年了。

  6.[原文] He's gone to New Zealand on business. (L. 7) business前可以加定冠詞the 嗎?

  [精析] 不可以。on表示“處于……狀態中”,與一些名詞構成特定的詞組,on business出差。再如:on duty值日,on fire著火了,on holiday在度假。這些固定詞組中都不能加冠詞。

  7. [原文] On May 17, 2001, on his 13th birthday, his dream came true.(L. 8) come true是“實現”的意思,realize也有這一意思,它們的用法一樣嗎?

  [精析] 不一樣。這兩個詞語雖然可以表示同一個意思,但句法結構不同。come true的主語應是某事,而realize的主語應是某人。試比較:

  His dream has come true.他的夢想實現了。

  He has realized his dream.他實現了他的夢想。

  另外,表示某人幾歲生日是:one's + 序數詞 + birthday。如:Tom's 10th birthday.

  8. [原文] He went on cycling for another two hours before he finished his journey. (L. 8) 句中的journey與trip, travel均可表示“旅行”,有區別嗎?

  [精析] 有區別。這三個詞都表示“旅行”的意思。journey 一般指較遠距離的旅行,指單程;trip用得比較廣泛,可以是“旅行”,也可以是“去了一下”,但都指一個往返;travel一般指到國外或遠方旅行,不著重某一個目的地,有到各地“游歷”的意思。請看例句:

  He made a journey from Paris to Berlin.他作了一次從巴黎到柏林的旅行。

  I took several trips to Guilin.我去過桂林幾次。

  He returned from his travels.他旅行結束回到家里。

 

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